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Rules to help spell plurals

Add an S
This is the most common way to make a plural e.g. bike- bikes.
Words ending in y

If there is a consonant before the y, change the y to i before adding es, e.g. lady- ladies.

If there is a vowel before the y, just add s, e.g. toy - toys.
(Vowel - The five vowels in the alphabet are a e i o u .
Consonants - All the other letters in the alphabet that are not vowels are called consonants).
Words ending in x, sh, ch or s
For words ending in x, sh, ch or s add es, e.g. church = churches.
Words ending in f or fe
For most of these words, change the f or fe to v before adding es, e.g. leaf - leaves.

Watch out for the words that don't fit this rule, e.g. chief - chiefs. To help work out the exceptions to the rule listen for the change in the sound when you say the word.

some exceptions: roof = roofs, chief = chiefs, belief = beliefs, chef = chefs, cafe = cafes, handkerchief = handkerchiefs, safe = safes.
Irregular plurals
Irregular plurals are plural word forms that don't follow any of the plural rules! .e.g.
SingularPlural man -men,woman -women, child -children, foot -feet ,tooth -teeth ,mouse -mice ,deer-deer, sheep-sheep,ox-oxen ,fish-fish or fishes

 

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